Construction of building-walls.



H. J. SCHUBERT.

CONSTRUCTION 0F BUILDING WALLCf APP'LIG-ATION FILED l-3.27, 1909.

1,056,948. Patented Mar. 25, 1913.

5 sums-'snm 1..

H. J. SCHUBERT.

CONSTRUCTION 0F BUILDING WALLS.

APPLICATION FILED NPR. 27, 1909.

Patented Mar. 25, 1913.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2L lille *Q www I ,QM LMA-Amm@ v hflbtozvewm H. J. SCHUBERT.

CONSTRUCTION 0F BUILDING WALLS.

n APPLIUATION FILED APE.27, 1909.

'Patented Mar.25,1913.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3..

`loY

I l, T l A, e t

K H. J. SCHUBERT'. CONSTRUCTION 0F BUILDING WALLS.

APPLIOATIONPILED APR. 27, 1909.

"1,056,948, Patented Mar. 25, 1913.

5 BHEETSSHEET 4.

amai/W9@ H. J. SCHUBERT. ONSTRUGTION' 0F BUILDING WALLS. APPLICATION FILED APRZ?, 1909.

11,956,948. Patented M125, 1913 5 SHAEBTS-SHEET 5.

HERMANN J. SCHUBERT, 0F HACKENSACK, NEW JERSEY.

CONSTBICTION 0F BUILDING-WALLS.

Specication of Letters vIl'atent.

Patented Mar. 25, 1913.

Application led April 27,- 1909. Serial No. 492,493.

T0 all whom t may concern.:

y Beit known thatI, HERMANN J. SCHU- BERT, a citizen of the United States, residing atv Hackensack, in the county of Bergen and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in the Construction of Building-Walls, of which the ed and provided with a nut, b, at one of its following is a specification.

I will first describe the improvement in detail and then point out the novel features in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1v is a general side view of the apparatus which I use in the construction of building walls, showing a partial View of the wall as completed; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1, and of part of the wall as completed; Fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view of the apparatusillustr'ated in Fig. 2 showing cores in positionbefore the material is poured in; Fig. 4 isfafn enlarged sectional view taken on the planeV of the dotted lines 4 4, Fig. 2; Fig. 5 A1s a sectional view taken on the plane of the dotted lines 5 5 Fig. 4; Fig. 6 is a perspective view of a core; Fig. is a plan view showing a core contracted; Fig. 8 is a plan view showing acore expanded; Fig. 9 1s a partial enlarged view taken on the plane of the dotted lines 9 9, Fig. 6, the core being contracted; Fig. 10 is a view of a core taken approximately on the lines 9 9 Fig. 6, the core being expanded; Figs. 11 and 12 are partial enlarged views of the inside of a core showing an arrangement by which the core is contracted and expanded; Fig. 13 is an enlarged sectional view taken on the plane of the dot-ted lines 4 4 Fig. 2, the apparatus employed inthe construction .of walls being shown as supported on `a completed section of wall; Fig. 14 is a partial side view of the apparatus employed in the construction of walls when supported 011 a completed section of wall; Fig. 15 is a detail view of parts of the apparatus whichI employ in the construction of walls.

Similar letters of reference designate corlresponding parts in all: the figures.

A, A1, designate uprights shown as fastened to a cross-pieceLAz. These upright-s, A, A1, are preferablymade of wood which yhas a certain amountofre'siliency. In order l.to give additional strength to the uprights,

A, A1, they may be provided with facmgs, as a1, of metal fastened to the uprights y screws, as as. Braces A11, may be employed to aid in holding the uprights, A, A1, and the cross-piece, A2, together. The cross-piece, A2, may likewise be provided with a facing, as a2, yof metal, to impart additional strengt B designates a rod shown as screw threadends. If desired, this rod, B, may be screw thieaded and provided with nuts at both its en s.

A cross bar, C, is shown as fastened to the uprights, A and A1, and this cross bar, C, is shownas provided with a series of holes, c.

A bar, D, is shown as suspended from the cross bar C. In this bar, D, racks, as F, are shown as fastened, and the teeth of the racks, F, are designed to lit into the projections, g, of pieces, G, fastened to the upright, A.

I have shown a bar, vH, fastened at its upper end to the cross bar, C, and as provided at its lower end with a slot, h. A headed bolt, A1, on the frame A1, may be inserted in this slot h, andthereby the bar, H, will be held securely in place.` Instead, however, of using the slot, k, I may hold the lower end of the bar,H, in place 1n any desired manner.

I, I1, designate the sides of a mold. These sides I I1 are shown as made of ieces z of board having frames, as 1, shown as extending beyond the outer surfaces of the sides, I, I1, and the upper surfaces of these frames, 1, may be provided with holes, 2. The frames '51, may fit into pieces, y', shown as fastened to the barsD and H.v Cross pieces, i, may be employed to hold the pieces z' together, and instead of holding the sides, I, I1, and the bars D and H together in the manner illustrated, the sides I, I1, may be secured to the bars, I) and H, in any desired manner.

The inner surfaces of the sides, I, I1, may be 'covered with any appropriate material, such, for instance, as zinc, and if it be desired that the finished wall should be ornamented the inner surfaces of the sides, I, I1, may be so designed as to give the desired ornamentation to the wall.

J designates a piece, one end of which is shown as passin through the side, I1, and

'the-other end o which is shown as fitting in a groove in the outer surface of the side, I1. The outer end of the piece, J, is shown `as slotted at i2. A lock, j", 'is shown as provided on the outer-surface of the side I1, through which the piece J, is inserted, and by turning this lock, jg, the piece, J, may be unlocked and withdrawn. These pieces, J, may, if desired, be used on both the sides, I and I1, or their use may be entirely. dispensed with, but I prefer to use them on that side which is to be the inside of the completed wall.

My preferred. construction of core, as illustrated, is bi-lateral in form having its two side-portions integrally unitedby a redticed neck portion, whose outer surface is continuous with that of the side-portions, and likewise the outer .surface of the oppositely disposed lateral extensions from the body-portions is Within the plane of thecorresponding. surfaces of the side-portions, the two planes mentioned having been shown parallel and co-incident with the respective inner surfaces of the two walls to lbe constructed by my apparatus.

While the b-lateral form of core with a right and a left hand as shown, may be generally employed as a matter of convenience in practising my invention, yet in constructing walls of certain given dimensions it will often be required to use a right hand, or a left hand, core unit-section singly. Consequently I do not desire to be limited to the use of the one form or the other, or to have the double form of construction considered as embodying the fundamental or basic principles of my invention, notwithstanding that in the description following, I minutely describe the aforesaid bi-lateral constructionL of core. v

My. preferred form likewise shows the core composed practically of an outer and an inner wall or side with means, shown in detail, for expanding said side walls which have been referred to as collapsible means and which operations may assist in the operation of removing the core. I do not wish, however, to be limited to these features as my only means for withdrawing the core after casting, for it is obvious that with lifting power suitably applied to the top po-rtions the same may be withdrawn without first collapsing the shell walls as shown. I therefore desire broad protection in this feature also which is a necessary provision in the operation of my apparatus.

The cores which I employ in the construction of the wallare shown as made in two sections, K and L to make them collapsible. Each core in fact consists of two congruent individual cores which are rigidly connected by a narrow neck portion and each of these two congruent parts has a lateral extension on the opposite outer portion. The cores are laid side by side as shown in Figs. 2 and 3 so thatthe lateral extensions meet; By this arrangement the assembled, so to member substantially 'are shown as provided with slots, ZG

say single members, form but one core which thus may be of any required length composed of a number of single members constituting each a double or twin core.

The section, K, is composed of a shell, shown as having a depression, k1, therein. To impart strength to the shell, 7c, ribs, as 7a2, maybe fastened to the interior of the shell c, at the top and bottom thereof, and the space between the ribs, 7&2, and the shell, c, may be provided with a filling, 7a3, of wood or other desired material. This filling, 7c3, will give strength to the top and bottom of the section K. To this filling, 7c3, projections, asl 7:4, are shown as fastened by if.

Shoulders, as 706, are shown as provided in the interior of the shell, Z5, and slides or projections, 7c?, are shown as passing through the shell, ,These `slides or projections, is?, are shown as provided with slots, las, in which screws, as 7c, work.

Flaps k1", of canvas or other desired material, are fastened to the side edges of the shell, lc, and these flaps will preferably be provided with a facing, Z611, of metal.

Z, designates the shell of the section, L. The interior of the shell, Z, is shown pro1 vided at the top and bottom thereof with ribs, Z1, andthe space between the ribs, Z1, and the shell, Z, may be provided with a lilling, Z2, of wood or other desired materia-l, intended to impart additional strength to 'the .top and bottom of the section, L. Projectlons, as Z3, are shown as secured to the filling, Z2, by the screws, Z4, and slides or projections, Z5, are shown as passing through the shell Z, and these slides or projections, Z5, in which screws, as ZT, work.

Z8, designate arms in the interior'of the shell, Z. These arms, Z8, are shown as having fastened thereto pieces, Z, of a width greater than the arms themselves. Staples, 10, pass through holes in the arms, ZS, and these staples are shown as secured to the ribs, Z1. The staples, Z1", permit the arms, ZS, to be turned. The arms, ZS, areu shown as' passing through one end of the shell, Z, and as terminating in handles, Z11. Z, dcsignates, another arm in the interior of the shell, Z. This arm, Z12, is shown as likewise having fastened to it a piece, Z13, of a width greater than the arm, Z12. Staples, ZH, pass through holes in the arm, Z, and these staples, ZM, are shown as secured to the ribs, Z1. The staples, Z111, permit the arm, Z1, to be turned; The arm, Z1?, is sho n as passf ing through'one end of the shel Z, and as terminating in a handle, ZF.

The projections, k1 and Z3 will be so disposed that when the sections, K and L are 'placed in posit-ion one of the projections ict will b'e alongside one of the and the shoulders, 7c, that when the arms,'Z8,

projections Z3; will be so disposed are turned down'said arms or the `pieces, Z9, vfastened thereto will enter the openings in the shoulders, k1.

'The tops and bottoms of the section L lshown as provided where the arms, Z8 and 71 vextend out of the shell, Z.

When it is desired to contract the core, the handle, Z111, is so turned as to cause the arm Z12 to lie flat against the shell, Z, and the arms, Z1, are then turned down. As the arms, Z8, turn down they engage the shoulders, lo, and thereby the section K is carried inward, and the core contracted. When it is desired to expand the core the arms,

Sti

Z, are turned up and the arm, Z12, then also turned up. AIt will be readily understood that this arm Z111 imparts rigidity to the sections K and L. y

M designates a rod 'shown as fastened to the shell, Z, by screws, m. The rod, M, is shown as passing over a cross bar, N. The cross bar, N is shown as provided with a slot, n, and t e rod, M, and cross bar, N, are shown 'as fastened together by a bolt, m1, which passes through the slot, n. The cross bar, N, is shown as provided with holes, 'n1 'through which bolts, n2, may be passed for the purpose of securing said cross ban-N,

to the sides, I, I1.

Having determined on the thickness of the wat 'le erected, the sides, I and I1, are set i-lauch position relatively to each other that the suace between themA Will equal the thickness of the wall which it is desired to erect. This adjustment is)eifected'by suspending the bar, D, in proper position from the cross bar, C, the holes, c, permitting the bar, D, to be suspended in any desired position. After the bar D hasA been properly suspended, "the projections, g, are brought into engagement with the teeth of the racks, 'I `,`and the pieces, G, and racks I1", forced downward until they reach a horizontalposition. The side I, will thereby be held securely in position, the racks F form? ing braces between the upright A\'and' the bar D. Instead of using the' pieces, G, I may place the projections g on the upright A, but I prefer to use the pieces, G, as I ind that the' racks, F, and projections, g, may be more easily locked and unlocked t'rom engagement with each other by the usent these ieces G. After the sides, I, I1,- are securely ocked in position, cores are suspended, preferably midway in thespace between the sides, I and I1., and the cross bars,y

P1, on top of the sides, I, I1.

fastened to the sides, I, I1, by the bolts, a2.

After the cores have been properly placed in position, the material, properly prepared, of which the wall is to be composed, is poured into the space between the sides, I, I1, these sides, I, I1, `forming a mold. The cores will cause the material of which the Wall is'to be composed to assume the form illustrated at O, Fig. 2, making a hollow wall with ribs, o. The sides of the wall mxy, if desired, be bound together by. steel ro s.

When the material poured between the sides, I and I1, has hardened suiiiciently, the cross bars, N, are unfastened from the sides, I, I1, and the cores contracted by turning the handles, Z11, Z111, it being, of course, understood, that before t-he Amaterial is poured into the space between the sides, I, I1, the cores have been in an expanded condition. When the cores have been contracted they may be withdrawn from between the sides, I`,'I1. I may then insert sides, as P, These sides, P, P1, are of the same general construction as thel sides, I, I1, and form extensions of the sides, I, I1, the sides, P, P1, merely per'- mitting a second section of the wall to be cast before the section first cast has become sufficiently hardened to permit the withdrawal of the sides, I, I1.

The side, P, may, if preferred, be fastened tothe bar, D, in any desired manner,

`and the side, P1, may likewise be fastened ing poured into the space between the sides,

-ltion, yet I prefer toso arrange the cores that in the casting of the second section the ribs, 0, will be formed on the side of the wall opposite to that on which they were formed in the first section of the wall., The form which the Wallwill assume is illustrated in Figs. 2 and 5. By this formof construction the wall is materially strengths ed because the 'ribs formed on t e second ca Iting overlap the ribs on the first casting witho'iit interrupting the air space formed withm the wall. In this lform of wall the resulting air space is continuous and not Enterrunted 'rial poured between but in the second casting, etc., the air space is alternately formed by reversing the cores or by shitting same laterally. Furthermore both the inner and the outer wall are united by the ribs formed by reversing the cores in the second casting or by moving same sidewise while the space formed uninterruptedly assumes the sha-pe shown in Fig. 5 wherein the narrow spaces below the ribs of the second casting are plainly shown. Thus a peculiarly shaped double wall is formed joined by the overlapping cement ribs arranged alternately in the successive higher castings while a like peculiarly shaped continuous air space is formed. Tar paper or other material may, if desired, be used to cover' the open spaces inthe section ot' the wall tirst cast so as to prevent matethe sides, P, P1, from falling into the open spaces' in the sect-ion ofthe wall already cast.

After the material poured between the sides, P, P1, has sutliciently hardened to permit thewithdrawal of the sides, I, I1, P, Pl, from their support of the sections of the wall already cast,the racks, F, are forced upward and unlocked, thereby releasing the tension'between the upright A and the bar D. The sides, P, P1, may then be withdrawn and the uprights, A, Al, raised upward until the openings through which the pieces, J, are intended to be inserted are above the section of the wall last cast. Vv'hen the pieces J are locked in position the'uprights may be lowered so as to permit the pieces .I to rest on the section of the wall last completed, and the racks F may again be brought down and locked to form braces between the upright A and the bar I). In this way the clamp the sides of the section of the wall last completed and the pieces J will aid in holding the trame work in place. It will, of course, be readily understood, that in casting the lowermost section of the wall the use ot' the pieces J may be dispensed with entirely. Braces, might, for instance. be inserted under the uprights A, A1. "When the sides I, l1 are in proper position the cores may again be placed in position and the operation of casting another section of the wall proceeded with.

By my improvement l ain enabled to construct walls of great strength cheaply and eX`I peditiously. The ribs o not only strengthen the-wall but atl'ord support for the beams of the building. rl`he large expense ordinarily incident to the scaffolding usually employed in the construction of cement and concrete walls done away with, and the work may be carried on with unskilled labor, as there are no ditiicult adjustments of parts.

I produce walls absolutely true both shells,

sides, I, I1, will the vpieces .l is unnecesiary, and

horizontally and vertically, and having a continuous air space, thereby rendering the 4wall damp proof and water proof. Furthermore these peculiarly shaped walls with the peculiarly shaped uninterrupted air spacebetween retain a relativelynniform temperature within the house. Neither the heat of the summer nor the cold of the winter can penetrate these walls because the air mantle within the Wall is an excellent insulator against heat and cold.

lhat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

l. In an apparatus for casting double walls with interlocking*tie-ribs, core-sections each having a body-portion and a reduced lat-eral extension for forming said tieribs said body-portion and extension having their outer surfaces within substantially the same plane, means comprising abutments for uniting said core-sections into multiples, and means for withdrawing said cores after eastins, shown.

2. In an apparatus for casting double walls with interlocking tie-ribs, means for forming said tie-ribs comprising a multiple of cores consisting of vertical4 sided shells, and reduced lateral extensions connecting said ,shells,"the outer surfaces of said extensions lying within the plane of the corresponding outer surfaces of the shells connected thereby, substantially as and for the purposes shown.

3. In a core for, casting wallsof buildings 'the combination of two vertically sided a. cover and a bottom to close theshells, all made of rigid material with guides fastened on the cover and bot-tom, and means for joining said shells comprising flaps fastened to the sides.

4. In a collapsible twin core for casting walls of buildings' in combination, two congruent individual cores composed each of a vertically sided shell, a narrow neck on the inner central side portions rigidly connecting said shells, and a common bottom and cover to close said shells and neck, all made o f rigid material, means for joining each shell comprising guides and flaps, means on the bottom ot the cores for keeping'same in position during use, adjustable means for suspending the cores between the mold walls, and means for same comprising shoulders on the inner side ot one shell and arms on the opposite inner` side of the same.

5. A multiple continuous core for casting walls of buildings between mold walls conlsisting ot a number of single. members arranged side by side and adapted to be adjustably locked between single member comprising two congruent individual cores composed each of a vertically sided shell, a narrow neck on the inner substantially as and for the purposes expanding and collapsing' said mold walls, each` .tion during use adjustable means for sus-" pending the cores between the 'mold Walls,

' and means for expanding and collapsingsame comprising shoulders on the inner side.

of one shell and arms on the opposite inner side of the same extending through, the cover and bent to form a handle for effecting the expansion and collapse of theA core.

6. The combination of uprights, a bai-fastened to said uprights, another bar depend ing' from the first mentioned bar, means `*for locking said secondly mentioned bar against one of said uprights, and mold walls `carried by said last mentioned bar.

7. The combination of uprights, a bar fastened to said uprights, another bar depending from the firstv mentioned bar, means for adjusting said secondlymentioned bar on said first mentioned bar, means .for locking said secondly mentioned bar against one of said uprights, and mold Walls carried by said last mentioned bar.

8 The combination of uprights a bar fastened to said uprights, another bar depending from the first mentioned bar, means for adjusting said secondly mentioned bar on said irstmentioned bar, means for locking said secondly mentioned bar against one of said uprights, a mold and means for attaching said secondly,7 mentioned bar to one of the sides ef said mold and a mold side adapt ed to be secured to said attaching means.

9. The combination of uprights, a bar fastened to said uprights, another bar depend-v ing from the first mentioned bar5 means for adjusting said secondly mentioned bar on saidirst mentioned bar, means-for locking said secondly mentioned bar against one of saiduprights, a', mold, means for attaching said secondlyl mentioned bar to @ne of the d sides of arnold, anotherv bar fastened to the "other lbf said uprights, and means for lat taching said last mentioned bar `to ycane of the sides of the mold. v" d n 410. Thecombination oif uprights, a' bar fastened to 'said uprights, another lbar--de pending from the first'mentioned bar, means for `kicking said secondly mentioned loa-r against one of the uprights, a mold the sides of which are heldgbetween the second mentioned bar andf one of'fthe uprights, and y lcores suspended from the sides of the mold.

'11.. The combination of uprights, a bar fastened to said' uprights, another bar 1depending fromA the rst mentioned bar," means for locking' said secondly mentioned) bar against one of the uprights, a -mold the sides "of which are held between the 4secondly mentioned bar and one of the` uprights,v and collapsible cores suspended lromfthe sides of the mold.

l2. The combination of uprights,' a bar fastened to 'said' uprights, anotherbar depending from the first-mentioned bar, means for adjusting said secondly mentioned bar on said first mentioned bar, means for locking said secondly'mentioned Abar against ene of the uprights, afnioldthe sides of which are held between the secondly mentioned bar and one of, the' upright-s, and brackets detachablyscui'd to the mold.

13, The-,gombination of uprights, a bar fastened to' Said uprights, another bar depending` from the iirst mentioned bar, means for adjusting said secondly mentioned bar on saidrst mentioned bar, means for locking said secondly mentioned bar against one are held between the secondly' mentioned bar and one oitheupights,brackets detachably secured'to the mold, andJ collapsible cores `suspended of the unrigh-, a mold 'thesides of which 

